The first step in removing urine odor is to locate all affected areas. This can be tricky because pets will urinate behind furniture, under furniture, and even on furniture. Urine deposits will glow under florescent light, so a helpful method for locating urine on furnishings is to use a black light. Another tool used for locating urine is a moisture detector.

 Freshly voided urine is acidic, but rapidly changes pH, as the proteins in the urine degrade to form ammonia.  The potential causes of ammoniacal odor include urea, which has been degraded to ammonia by enzyme producing bacteria. When a pH change occurs a salt is formed which is desiccant, that is to say, it will pull moisture out of the air. For this reason, urine in carpet, padding, sub floors, and tack less strip can remain wet for months after contamination. This condition creates an unhealthful environment.

In a study published in the Journal of American Veterinary Association, the following bacteria were found in the urine of clinically normal cats: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus spp, Cornebacterium spp, Pasteurella spp and Flavobacterium spp.  

A “putrid” smell in urine is an indication of bacterial growth. For this reason it is highly advisable to treat the area with a germicide. The treatments that you can buy at the pet store will often contain enzymes and bacterial cultures. The logic being that the introduced bacteria will rapidly consume the food source in urine and hence consume the source of odors. For this approach to work, the area must be kept moist and warm for 24-48 hours while maintaining a narrow pH range, conditions difficult to sustain on carpet in the home, and the same conditions that promote mold growth. In addition, enzymes and bacteria, even dead and non-pathogenic bacteria, can cause allergic reactions and illness (see, The Truth About Enzymes, on this page).

New Chemistry And Cleaning Technology Lets You Love Your Pets Without Worry.

The complete restoration of urine-damaged furnishings will depend on the level of damage. Cleaning alone will not eliminate odors from pet urine. The application of a germicide will help to eliminate the “putrid” smell of urine, from the result of a recent or single accident, and create a more healthful environment.

The Next Step

When more extensive urine damage occurs, affecting the carpet backing and padding as well, a “flush-cleaning” can be done to provide a higher level of restoration. “Flush-Cleaning” involves saturation of carpet and pad with a safe oxidizing agent, to remove urine deposits from the carpet backing and padding. The oxidizer not only has a high biocidal activity, but will also break the bonds of odor-causing molecules, rendering them odorless, by reducing them into the most elemental forms. This process should be the second step, when a biocide treatment and normal cleaning do not eliminate a urine odor problem.

Severe Damage

 Sometimes complete restoration requires treatment and cleaning, of sub floors, padding, tack-less strip, baseboards, and walls and other furnishings. For extensive damage, due to repeated accidents over long periods of time, it may be necessary to pull up the carpet to treat the sub floors and other materials. Even the replacement of new carpet, or hard-surface flooring may require the services of an expert Urine Damage Restorer. This is an extreme case though, and is not likely to happen with the arrival of a new puppy.

For Severe Odors Caused By Smoke 
And Other Sources...

I can do an Air Space Deodorization Treatment with Ozone. This process permanently removes odors by actually changing their molecular structure.

How Ozone Is Manufactured

   With specialized equipment, I can reproduce natures air cleaning process indoors. Here is how my machine works....

Regular oxygen that we breathe is 02. My machine splits 02 into 01 or nascent oxygen. 01 will pair up with 02 to make 03 (ozone). The ozone will impart it's extra oxygen atom to the chemical make-up of any odor, to oxidize the odor, so that it no longer smells!